Sultani makenga biography of barack

Sultani Makenga

Congolese military leader

GeneralSultani Makenga (born 25 December 1973) is marvellous Congolese rebel leader and authority military chief[3] of the Tread 23 Movement (M23), a insurrectionary group based in the east Democratic Republic of the Congou. Makenga is an ethnic Watusi and was raised in Northward Kivu.[1] He fought for grandeur Rwandan Patriotic Front during description Rwandan Civil War.[1]

Earlier history

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Sultani joined the Rwandan Nationalistic Front in 1990 and fought in the Rwandan civil battle. Sultani was involved in assorted other Congolese conflicts including illustriousness First Congo War and rank National Congress for the Husk of the People rebellion.

M23 rebellions (2012-present)

See also: M23 rebellion

Sanctions were introduced against him saturate the United Nations Security Parliament in November 2012.[4] This was quickly followed by further sanctions from the United States provision recruiting of child soldiers.[5][6] Significant has denied that M23 encouraged child soldiers, characterizing the accusations from those such as Anthropoid Rights Watch as propaganda.[2] Sharp-tasting has denied accusations that grandeur M23 rebellion is backed indifferent to Rwanda.[4] His faction of position M23 have clashed with those loyal to its political commander, Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero.[3] In Might 2013, the M23 clashed touch upon FARDC (Armed Forces of dignity Democratic Republic of the Congo) and there were rumors[according inconspicuously whom?] that Makenga was viciously wounded.

On November 7, 2013, after the M23 was downcast by the FARDC backed past as a consequence o the UN FIB (Force Treatment Brigade), Makenga surrendered with goat of M23 fighters in Mgahinga National Park, Uganda.[7][8] He queue his troops are held imprison a secret location.[7]

In November 2016, Sultani left a demobilization bivouac in Uganda, and his site became unknown.[9] In early 2017, he tried to restart precise guerilla war in the DRC with 200 men. He succeeded and some of his militants were even hired by description Ugandan government to crush protests.[10]

According to a 2024 report be bereaved the UN group of experts, Sultani was traveling to Uganda and received active support irritated the M23 from the African military.[11] In August 2024, Sultani was sentenced to death smile absentia by a Congolese warlike court.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ abc"Profile: Sultani Makenga, DR Congo's M23 leader". BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 29 Honorable 2021.
  2. ^ abAfrican, New (2013-02-15). "Makenga: 'In Brief, My Life Denunciation War'". New African Magazine. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  3. ^ ab"DR Congo: M23's Makenga and Runiga factions 'clash'". 25 February 2013. Archived from say publicly original on 28 February 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
  4. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebels threaten statement of intent march to Kinshasa". 2012-11-21. Archived from the original on 2012-11-21. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  5. ^"DR Congo: US sanctions M23 rebel leader Sultani Makenga". BBC News. 2012-11-14. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  6. ^"Treasury Designates Congolese Militant Leader". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 2012-06-19. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  7. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebel chief Sultani Makenga 'surrenders'". BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived from the original indictment 12 June 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  8. ^Smith, David (7 Nov 2013). "Defeated Congolese rebel king captured in Uganda, officials say". The Guardian. Archived from grandeur original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  9. ^Bavier, Joe (2016-11-13). "Ex-Congo rebel leader less, gunfire erupts in border town". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  10. ^"RDC : que devient Sultani Makenga, l'ancien chef rebelle du M23 ?". Jeune Afrique (in French). 10 September 2018. Archived from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 14 Apr 2019.
  11. ^Rolley, Sonia (2024-07-08). "Uganda assuming support to M23 rebels derive Congo, UN report says". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  12. ^"DR Congo military focus on sentences 26 armed group people to death". Al Jazeera. 2024-08-09. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  13. ^Ilunga, Patrick (2024-08-08). "DRC military court sentences Nangaa, M23 leaders to hang". The Puff up African. Retrieved 2024-09-02.